讲解

回顾

少了几个谓语动词，

The research of Till Von Wachter, the economist at Columbia University, suggests that not all people graduating into a recession see their life chances dimmed: those with degrees from elite universities catch up fairly quickly to where they otherwise would have been if they had graduated in better times; it is the masses beneath them that are left behind.

生词

• graduate v. (从…)大学毕业, 获得(学士)学位
• recession n. 经济衰退; 不景气
• dim v. (使)变暗淡, (使)变模糊
• catch up to… 赶上
• be left behind 被落下，被落在后面

解析

1. 找谓语动词：suggests/see/catch/would have been/had graduated/is/are left
2. 断开：通过标点冒号/分号和连接词that/where/if可以断开长难句
   1. 【主句】句1：The research of Till Von Wachter, the economist at Columbia University, suggests
   2. 【动宾宾从】句2：that not all people graduating into a recession see their life chances dimmed:
   3. 句3：those with degrees from elite universities catch up fairly quickly to
   4. 【介宾宾从】句4：where they otherwise would have been
   5. 【虚拟条件句】句5：if they had graduated in better times;
   6. 【强调】句6：it is the masses beneath them that are left behind.
3. 重点：
   1. 通过标点判断句子之间的关系： 冒号前是总说；冒号后是分说，进一步的解释说明。分号表示并列。
   2. 通过连接词及从句位置判断从句：
      1. 第一个that引导宾语从句，跟在及物动词suggests后面；
      2. where引导宾语从句，跟在介词to后面；
      3. if引导条件状语从句。
   3. 理解强调和虚拟两种特殊句式：
      1. if引导虚拟条件句，假设过去；
      2. It is… that… 构成强调句，强调the masses beneath them。
4. 翻译：哥伦比亚大学经济学家Till Von Wachter在报告中指出，不是所有坠入衰退时期的人都认为人生机会渺茫：那些毕业于名牌大学的人会相当快地到达其繁荣时期毕业时本该置身其中的位置，落后的是那些不如他们的普通大众。

预习

Priestly explains how the deep blue color of the assistant’s sweater descended over the years from fashion shows to department stores and to the bargain bin in which the poor girl doubtless found her garment.

生词

• priestly adj. 神职人员的，牧师的，神父的
• sweater n. 毛线衫
• descended adj. 出身于……的
• department n. （组织或机构中的）部，司，系，处，科；（商场里的）部；<非正式>专长，专责；（法国等国的）省
• bargain n. 便宜货 v. 讨价还价，谈判
• garment n. 一件衣服

解析

1. 找谓语动词：explains/descended/found
2. 断开：how/which
   1. 【主句】句1：Priestly explains
   2. 【原因状语从句】句2：how the deep blue color of the assistant’s sweater descended over the years from fashion shows to department stores
   3. 【并列】句3：and to the bargain bin in which the poor girl doubtless found her garment.
3. 两件事：第一件是说这个深蓝色衣服如何转变，第二件就是and之后的句子解释女孩发现了她的衣服。
4. 翻译：
   1. 这个人解释到，助理的深蓝色的羊毛衫是如何从时尚表演到百货商场变化的，去便宜的垃圾桶在那里穷的女孩无疑发现了他的衣服。
   2. 普里斯利解释说，多年来，从时装表演到百货公司，再到那个可怜的女孩毫无疑问是在廉价垃圾桶里找到她的衣服的，这位助理的深蓝色毛衣是如何演变而来的。