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讲解
回顾
就近修饰。
As so often, the past holds the key to the future: we have now identified enough of the long-term patterns shaping the history of the planet, and our species, to make evidence-based forecasts about the situations in which our descendants will find themselves.
生词
- identify
v.
识别出,辨认出 - long-term patterns 长期的模式
- make evidence-based forecasts 作出有根据的预测
- descendants 子孙后代
解析
- 找谓语动词:holds/have identified/will find
- 断开:通过标点冒号和连接词(in) which来断开长难句
- 【主句】句1:As so often, the past holds the key to the future:
- 句2:we have now identified enough of the long-term patterns shaping the history of the planet, and our species, to make evidence-based forecasts about the situations
- 【定从】句3:in which our descendants will find themselves.
- 重点:
- 断开长难句:通过冒号、连接词which断开长难句,其中in which是介词提前的定语从句,修饰situations。
- 判断非谓语动词的修饰:
- 一般非谓语动词的修饰原则都是“就近修饰”,所以shaping the history of the planet修饰前面的名词patterns;
- 如果to do 前面有逗号,则修饰整个句子,所以to make evidence-based forecasts about the situations 修饰前面整个句子。
- 翻译:正如通常情况那样,过去掌握着通向未来的钥匙:我们现在已经确定了足够多的地球以及人类历史何以形成的长期模式,使我们能够对子孙后代的生存环境做出有根据的预测。
预习
The Constitutional principles
that
Washington alone has the power to “establish a uniform Rule of Naturalization” andthat
federal laws precede state laws are noncontroversial.
生词
- Constitutional
adj.
宪法的;体制的 - establish
v.
建立,设立 - naturalization
n.
归化 - noncontroversial
adj.
无争议的
解析
- 找谓语动词:has/precede/are
- 断开:that/that
- 【主句】句1:The Constitutional principles are noncontroversial.
- 【定从】句2:that Washington alone has the power to “establish a uniform Rule of Naturalization”
- 【并列定从】句3:and that federal laws precede state laws
- 本句中的从句从哪里开始、到哪里结束?是什么特殊结构的句式?
- 见句2句3,并列句。
- 翻译:
- 华盛顿单独有权利去“建立一个统一的归化制度”和联邦法律在州法律之前的宪法规则是没有争议的。
- 只有华盛顿有权“制定统一的入籍规则”以及联邦法律优先于州法律的宪法原则是没有争议的。